Austenite and Martensite

Have you ever heard of Nitinol? That is what NASA uses to build wheels for other planets.

Veritasium: How NASA reinvented the wheel. (YouTube, 25:33min) “NASA have made a wheel capable of withstanding tough Martian terrain, but just how indestructible is it?”

The material can also be used to make bullet-proof bike tires. No more punctures!